All Legal Terms by letter C

Cabinet :- A cabinet is a body of persons who fill positions subordinate to the holder of executive power. Cabinet officers will execute the orders and policies of the government, and report to and advise the president. While cabinet positions are appointive, the Senate has the power to approve or disapprove.


Cafeteria Plan :- A cafeteria plan is simply a benefits basket, so to speak, from which an employee may choose particular benefits and may forego others. Some of the benefits available in the cafeteria plan are relevant to retirement benefits and insurance.


Call Date :- A call date is that particular date that a bond can be called, or redeemed, under the written terms of the bond, but which is actually prior to the bond's stated maturity date.
Computer Books


Cancellation :- Cancellation is a banking legal term that refers to the voiding of a document, or to the rescinding of a direction. For example, a check gets cancelled after it has been paid. This is because after payment the check no longer carries a valid direction, or order, to pay. Payment has created a cancellation.


Cancelled Check :- A Cancelled Check is a check that has been paid according to its terms and that has actually cleared the bank. A cancelled check is stamped as cancelled, or as paid, by the bank, and the cancelled check is good proof of payment. It is cancelled in the sense that the check, after being paid, no carries a valid order to pay.


Cancer Insurance :- Cancer Insurance is one of several disease specific insurance coverage that is provided by the insurance industry. A cancer policy will provide benefits only if you actually get cancer. Cancer insurance will not cover those that have been diagnosed with cancer at the time of the policy application. Other specific disease insurance coverage that may be available is heart attack insurance and stoke policies.


Capacity :- Capacity in the banking field refers to the ability of a deposit, or of a depositor, to pay an obligation when it becomes due. In other than banking, capacity refers to the state of a person's competency.


Capital :- Capital is the equity that the owner has in a business. Alternatively, capital is the accumulation or goods, possessions, and assets.


Capital Account :- The capital account is a separate account that is intended to show the owner's equity interest in the company by investment, plus the business net income, minus losses and withdrawals.


Capital Case :- A capital case is a criminal case in which the defendant faces the death penalty, or the capital punishment.

Capital Expenditure :- A capital expenditure is an outlay, or expense, incurred by the investors, or by the company, in equipping the company with necessary gear or in improving its business position and outlook.


Capital Gains :- A profit that is realized upon the sale of an asset is called a capital gain. Capital gains are subject to a capital gains tax in most circumstances. Capital gains taxes are either long term or short term based on how long the underlying asset was held. In investment real estate situations, capital gains may be deferred into the future by using the tax deferred exchange provisions of the internal revenue code.


Capital Gains Tax :- Capital Gains are profits that are realized upon the sale of an asset. A capital gain is subject to a capital gains tax. The amount of the tax will change based on whether the asset was held for a long term or for a short term. The tax rate on short term capital gains is higher that the tax rate on long term capital gains. The timing of capital asset exchanges is therefore a crucially important consideration.


Capital Loss :- A loss that is realized upon the sale of an asset is called a capital loss. Capital losses may qualify for special tax treatment such that the loss may be softened.


Capital Punishment :- A crime that will allow the jury to assess the death penalty is called a capital crime. Capital punishment is the most extreme punishment, resulting in a legal killing of the convicted defendant at the hands of the state.


Caption :- A caption is the heading of a case. In other words, the party names, the court name, the case number, etc, make up the caption of the case. Each first page of pleading documents will contain the full caption.


Car Donation Deduction :- The internal revenue code will allow a taxpayer to donate an automobile to a charitable organization and deduct the value of the car. After the 2004 tax year, the amount deductible is the amount the charity actually receives for the car, rather than the full fair market value.


Carryover :- A carryover is the net operating loss from a business that tax law will allow to be carried over to the following tax year.


Case :- A case is an action, suit, controversy, amounting to a dispute between persons or entities. Lawyers take cases.


Cash :- Cash is defined as the physical currency of a country. Simply, cash is paper money and coinage in circulation.


Cash Basis Accounting :- Cash basis accounting is a system of business accounting where revenues and expenses are recorded and recognized only when they are actually received or when they have actually been paid.


Cashier :- The Cashier is the bank officer in general charge of day-to-day operations of the bank. The Cashier is actually a high ranking title in the banking company.


Cash Dividend :- A cash dividend is a per share distribution of a corporation's earnings to its shareholders, made in cash. Some dividends are paid in additional stock.